The word SIEM is primarily a moniker forcing all logs into a single place to provide a single pane of glass for security and network operations to perform analysis. Security Information and Event Management (SIEM) is now commonplace, and there are apparent variations of the same acronym in this article. Still, now organizations could use the logging data for operational use cases and help with performance and networking-based communication troubleshooting. This centralization and consolidation of system data would provide significantly more than just a holistic view. This allows records to be centrally located and viewed and provides centralized management as a 'nerve center' for all machines on a given network. As information assurance matured in the late 1990s and moved into the 2000s, system logs needed to be centralized. These items are driven by governance models that integrate or use auditing and monitoring as a basis for that analytical work. Information assurance personnel, cybersecurity engineers, and analysts can use logging information to perform critical security functions in real-time. With Risk Management Frameworks (RMF) being implemented worldwide in nearly all industry sectors, auditing and monitoring are core elements of information assurance and information security. See, Basis for Audit and Evaluation of Computer Security from National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Special Publication 500-19 published in 1977. This also established a base discussion for many of the concepts still used in modern cybersecurity. From the late 1970s, there was a formation of working groups to help establish the criteria for the management of auditing and monitoring programs and what and how system logs can be used for insider threat, incident response, and troubleshooting. They do offer the capability to trace the activities of nearly any system or user-related movement throughout a given period. In comparison, the logging of system, security, and application logs is not the only way to perform incident response. As operating systems and networks have increased in complexity, so has the event and log generation on these systems. Logging levels of a system started with the primary function of troubleshooting system errors or debugging code compiled and run. Monitoring system logs has grown more prevalent as complex cyber-attacks force compliance and regulatory mechanisms to mandate logging security controls within a Risk Management Framework. The term and the initialism SIEM was coined by Mark Nicolett and Amrit Williams of Gartner in 2005. Vendors sell SIEM as software, as appliances, or as managed services these products are also used to log security data and generate reports for compliance purposes. They provide real-time analysis of security alerts generated by applications and network hardware. Security information and event management ( SIEM) is a field within the field of computer security, where software products and services combine security information management (SIM) and security event management (SEM).
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